Gasoline price: understand how the value is defined in Brazil
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With trucker strike popping up all over the country, it is natural that every Brazilian is wondering how it all got to this point. To resolve some doubts, we will explain below how the gasoline price in Brazil. In addition, we also have a proposal for an alternative solution for the transport system in general.
The price of gasoline depends on many factors.
According to Petrobras, final price that we found in petrol stations undergoes changes by three factors. They are: choice of producer or importer, taxes and marketing margins.
And it is exactly as shown in the infographic above. That is, 45% of the price of gasoline comes from taxes – being 29% of ICMS and 16% of CIDE, PIS/PASEP and COFINS -, 34% is under the control of Petrobras, 12% refers to the cost of Anhydrous Ethanol and 9% It's for the resale part.
That is, a lot happens between the transformation of the Gasoline "A" – which is produced by the refineries of Petrobras and third parties, or imported from other countries - and the Gasoline "C", which is used by the consumer.
Furthermore, it happens that the Gasoline "A" is distributed by Petrobras for the whole country under one price which also varies according to some factors. Here, this price will vary according to the amount charged by Petrobras and the amount of taxes.
Thus, it's no surprise for anyone that much of the blame goes to the tributes charged for this service. In this case, there are taxes charged by States (ICMS) and also by the Union (CIDE, PIS/PASEP and COFINS).
If you are not familiar with the acronyms, CIDE refers to Economic Domain Intervention Contribution and, in fact, it has already been said that this tax only corresponds to R$ 0,05 of the total price of gasoline. The PIS/PASEP correspond to the social integration program and Public Servant Asset Formation Program, respectively. These two programs are primarily responsible for funding the unemployment insurance.
Finally, we have COFINS, which is the Contribution to Social Security Financing. In other words, it's a tribute that serves to guarantee you – at least in theory – your social security, your health and even your social assistance.
State Variations and Anhydrous Ethanol
And as if so much oscillation was not enough, it is worth remembering that the ICMS, the Tax on the Circulation of Goods and Services, also varies according to the state in question. Which also explains why the Gasoline "C" from Rio de Janeiro, for example, cost much more.
Furthermore, Regular Gasoline (also called “C” Gasoline) is the result of mixing between the Gasoline "A" and Anhydrous Ethanol. This alcohol, which makes up about 27% of the mix, is not produced only by Petrobras.
So yes, the Anhydrous Ethanol also has its “share of blame” in the increase of the price of gasoline, since, in its final value, production costs, profit margins, etc. are applied. But while the situation is not resolved definitively and the gasoline price does not fall again, how about we think of a alternative solution who came to stay?
The electric car alternative
Undoubtedly, the eletric cars are increasingly present in the automobile market. However, they still do not represent such a significant part of this market, to the point of colliding with gasoline-powered cars.
Still, how much will it cost, in average, to recharge an electric car? In short, the average consumption of an electrically powered vehicle is 30kWh to each 160km. Obviously, these values will vary according to the technology of the car itself.
That is, there are cars more efficient and less efficient, as well as those powered by gasoline.
The cost of recharging electric cars
According to a study carried out by researchers from University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute in 2016, approximately US$ 540,00 (approximately R$ 1982,23) to run with a electric car for one year in the USA.
This research takes into account that the average distance traveled in one year is 24.000 km. And if this same distance be covered by a car gasoline powered, the cost would jump to US$ 1.400,00 (about BRL 5.139,12). Remembering, again, that these values are based on the energy consumption of the United States.
However, for more economic whatever electric cars are, they offer a problem. This, for the time being, would be the very act of recharge your batteries. That is, at least for now, this is a process that takes quite a long time.
The international influence
Despite companies like Tesla are always seeking to innovate in this area, it is notable that much progress is still needed. Even with projects that promise cars that recharge in 5 minutes. Furthermore, this advance needs to be in and out of cars.
That's because, at least here in the Brazil, in case you need to recharge your car with urgency, it is more likely to run out of charge halfway through. That is, despite eletric cars be an exceptional solution, it is necessary that they work very well out there first. With that, the Brazil will be “forced” to follow the market trend.
And you, what's the your idea for the future? Of course, electric cars offer a environmental impact smaller, in addition to maintenance cost cheap. But, tell us what you think there Comment!
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