How do electric cars work?
Table of Contents
- Who invented the electric car?
- Internal combustion vs electric: what are the differences
- The types of cars with electric motors
- Battery stores energy to move the car
- How do electric car engines work?
- Types of charging stations
- Autonomy: the challenge for long distances
- Autonomy measurement methods
- The legislation in Brazil
- Tax exemptions encourage the use of electric cars
- Bill should encourage the development of electric cars in Brazil
- Electric and hybrid cars sold in Brazil
Defined as a great alternative in the midst of climate change and global warming, the eletric cars replace the fuel tank with a battery that stores the electrical energy used to turn their engines. There are also other electrified vehicles, such as hybrid, which combine combustion engines with electric motors as a cheaper option with better autonomy.
Thinking of explaining this great revolution in transport, we developed this article on the subject and, with certainty, you will understand everything about electric and electrified cars. Good reading!
Watch the video on the Showmetech Channel:
Who invented the electric car?
O Tama it had a power of 4,5 horsepower and its engine was powered by a continuous electric current. Its batteries, made of lead-acid, had to be recharged outside the car and attached to the vehicle whenever the owner needed to go somewhere. The autonomy of Tama was 65 km and the maximum speed it reached was 35 km/h. See the batteries:
The first Japanese electric car was widely accepted as a taxi and utility vehicle until the 1950s. Tama Cars Company (new name of Tama manufacturer) was merged into Nissan in 1966.
Internal combustion vs electric: what are the differences
At first glance, an electric car is indistinguishable from a similar model powered by internal combustion (using gasoline, alcohol, diesel or natural gas). However, when sitting in the driver's seat and "starting" the vehicle, the differences become noticeable.
The first difference is conceptual: while the combustion engine obtains energy from burning fuel — stored in the tank —, the electric motor uses the electricity stored in its batteries — yes, the same electricity we use at home to turn on our appliances and equipment. electronics.
Another important feature is that the mechanical part of an electric vehicle is simpler than a combustion vehicle, as it has fewer moving parts and eliminates the use of electricity. exchange box — but there are exceptions in high-performance vehicles like the Porsche Taycan and Audi E-tron GT, which have a 2-speed gearbox.
Eliminating the gearbox is possible due to three characteristics of electric motors:
- The combustion engine needs to keep on (turning) to work and, to keep it turning without putting the vehicle in motion, the gearbox has the position neutral ( neutral). The electric motor has instantaneous activation, remaining stationary with the car stopped and turning and moving the car as soon as requested.
- The electric motor can rotate both clockwise and counterclockwise, which eliminates the need for gears. reverse, necessary to reverse the direction of the wheels in internal combustion cars — whose engine turns only in one direction.
- The gearboxes have several gears (the most common is 5 gears in manual transmissions, but they can reach 9 speeds in automatic transmissions) to take better advantage of the torque and power curves of internal combustion engines, which have a restricted range with better efficiency. Electric motors, which have a range of constant torque since immobility, they dispense with the use of a gearbox. See below the difference in torque graphs between combustion and electric engines:
As you can imagine, a vehicle powered only by electric energy leaves pollution aside, since there is no burning of fuel. A traditional car releases, on average, 120 grams of carbon dioxide (CO2) per kilometer driven, in addition to other toxic gases for the Earth's atmosphere and humans, such as carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), hydrocarbons (HC ), sulfur dioxide (SO2) and particulate matter (PM).
It is true that, for the manufacture of models like these, it is necessary to emit greenhouse gases and there is a debate with different opinions on the subject. Some experts point out that the amount that will no longer be emitted in relation to common cars is so large that it is more worthwhile to opt for the manufacture of a model that will not pollute.
Another point of discussion about reducing pollution by electric vehicles concerns the generation of electricity, which in developed countries depends, in part, on thermoelectric plants.
The types of cars with electric motors
When we talk about electric cars, models powered by electricity only come to mind. However, there electrified vehicles that have electric motors working together with combustion engines — also known as hybrid vehicles. Let's get to know below the types of electrified vehicles.
Hybrid electric (HEV)
As the name implies, a hybrid electric car runs on two “sources”: an internal combustion engine and an electric motor. The engines can work together or separately, depending on the system adopted by the manufacturer and the driving condition of the vehicle.
In a series hybrid car, for example, the movement of the car occurs only through the use of the electric motor, and the combustion engine works as a generator of energy for the electric motor, complementing the energy stored in the batteries. This system, however, is rarely used.
Hybrid vehicles in parallel are the majority, and in this case the electric motor — normally of lesser power — can move the car by itself (as in normal city traffic), assist the combustion engine (for stronger starts and overtaking) or else remain off, leaving the movement of the car in charge of the gasoline engine, with more power. The choice of engine operating modes is up to the vehicle's electronic system.
In the common hybrid vehicle, the battery is recharged from a generator coupled to the combustion engine itself, and can also take advantage of the vehicle's braking energy for recharging. In this way, fuel consumption will always be necessary to keep the vehicle's electrical system working — the difference is that the system's efficiency is greater, leading to a lower average consumption.
Plug-in Rechargeable Hybrid (PHEV)
If in the conventional hybrid vehicle the battery cannot be recharged externally, here things change. the hybrids PHEV (Plug-In Hybrid Electrical Vehicle, or Plug-in Rechargeable Hybrid) have a charging socket, which allow you to use power from the electrical grid to complete the vehicle's battery. This configuration allows for larger batteries — and motors — to be installed in the vehicle, allowing them to have greater range in electric-only mode.
For everyday use in urban traffic, at moderate speeds, it is possible to use the hybrid vehicle for a whole day in electric mode only – depending on the distances traveled – saving fuel and reducing pollutant emissions. For use on roads, the combustion engine takes the lead to reach higher speeds, but the help of the electric motor allows to increase autonomy and improve fuel consumption.
The generative brakes of a PHEV-type electric car manage to convert part of the lost energy into electricity, contributing to increasing the autonomy of the electric set — albeit in a discreet way.
Battery electric (BEV)
Now let's talk about 100% electric vehicles, which completely dispense with the use of fuel. Battery electric vehicles — or BEV, from the acronym Battery Electric Vehicle — work only with the electrical energy stored in their batteries, without releasing polluting gases into the atmosphere. Charging can be done at home, using outlets or chargers, or at charging stations in gas stations, malls and other public places.
Electric vehicles still have a discreet presence in the market, largely due to their high prices: as a comparison, the Renault Kwid E-Tech costs R$ 150, more than double the equivalent version with a flex engine, the Kwid Outsider, which costs BRL 74 thousand.
As previously mentioned, electric vehicles have the advantage of a simplified mechanical assembly, and this can lead to simpler — and cheaper — maintenance. Another advantage of electric vehicles is the silence and driving comfort, as there is no noise and vibration from combustion engines. In addition, the delivery of torque and power is linear, offering better performance in accelerations and speed resumes.
Fuel Cell Electric (FCEV)
Is it possible to have an electric car without a battery — and one that is not connected to an electrical network, like the trolley buses in São Paulo? With the use of fuel cell technology, the so-called FCEV (from Hydrogen Fuell Cell Electric Vehicle, or fuel cell electric vehicle) produce electricity from the chemical reaction of hydrogen with oxygen present in the air, eliminating the need to store electricity in batteries. This reaction can be represented by:
2H2(g) + O2(g) => 2H2O + energy
In a simplified way, hydrogen gives up electrons to a metallic catalyst, thus creating a flow of electrons — giving rise to the electric current that will power the engine. Hydrogen protons, in contact with an electrolytic membrane, join with oxygen atoms, forming water molecules — the only “waste” resulting from this chemical reaction.
As there are no batteries, the vehicle must have pressurized cylinders for hydrogen storage. In international markets, the Toyota Mirai it is the only series-produced model currently that can be powered by hydrogen fuel cells. A major obstacle to this technology is that the vehicle becomes more expensive, and the hydrogen supply network is much more limited.
An important point in the clean energy debate is that, if on the one hand the fuel cell only produces water in its operation, on the other hand the production of hydrogen gas by the chemical industry demands an intensive use of energy — which, as we saw earlier, can come from polluting sources. However, studies claim that an FCEV pollutes 30% less than a traditional combustion vehicle, considering the emissions from the manufacture of hydrogen gas.
Battery stores energy to move the car
Electric car batteries have the function of storing the electrical energy that will put them in motion, in the same way that the tank stores the fuel used in combustion engines. The operation of vehicle batteries is similar to what we see in smartphones: their energy is consumed as the car is being used, and is recharged when connected to a power source – from residential sockets to optimized charging stations.
Manufacturers of electric vehicles inform the battery capacity of their products in kWh, but the value that most interests consumers is how much this load allows the vehicle to run — the range, which we will talk about later.
The battery of a car powered by electricity, as well as that of smartphones, loses its capacity over time and as the charges are carried out. The average durability time varies between 10 to 20 years, and it is necessary to change the component when recommended by the technician.
To properly dispose of components that can no longer be used to power cars, many companies invest in battery recycling. A Tesla, one of the companies that invest the most in the electric car market, started to use these components to power the GigaFactory, em Storey County, Nevada, USA, where it produces its batteries and components for its electric vehicles.
Another good option that has already opted for the circular economy is the Chinese one. BYD, which is focused on allocating batteries to charging stations. Starting in 2025, the OnTo Technology must start producing electrodes for its batteries from components that can no longer be used in cars. A big disposal problem starts to be solved even before this market takes off, which is great news.
Here in Brazil, the metallurgical tupy and Senai Paraná have a partnership with BMW Group to ensure recovery of battery chemical components at the end of their useful life in cars. A sustainable project will be developed, with a total investment of R$ 3,4 million.
How do electric car engines work?
Electric car motors work in a similar way to any electric motor, such as the blender in your home or the fan in your computer: through electromagnetism.
The motor shaft has a set of magnets, which have a positive pole and a negative pole. Through physical principles, the poles of different signs — (+) and (-) — attract each other, while the poles of the same signs — (+) and (+), (-) and (-) — repel each other. When we use an electromagnet in the motor housing, which alternates its polarity, rotary movement on the shaft is produced. See the video below (in English):
Electric vehicles can only use one motor to move, but manufacturers can also use other configurations, such as two motors (one for each axle of the vehicle), or even four motors, one for each wheel, as in the EQG, vehicle being developed by Mercedes-Benz.
O Class G is a 4×4 model launched by Mercedes in 1979, and has been updated over time, maintaining its basic design to this day. For its next generation, it will be electrified — receiving the name of EQG — and will receive an engine for each wheel. This configuration will allow individual control of each wheel, enabling the car to rotate around its own axis, a movement reminiscent of war tanks. Watch this “trick” demonstrated in a prototype:
Types of charging stations
BEV (100% electric) and PHEV (plug-in hybrid) vehicles can be recharged using power from the electrical grid — or even from residential solar panels — using conventional outlets or specific chargers. See below the three types of charging station:
Level 1
Level 1 charging is done using residential outlets rated up to 220 volts and does not require special installation. Normally, they are chargers supplied with the vehicle and have low power, being indicated for emergency situations, in which the driver runs out of battery in a location where there is no charging station.
Plugging the vehicle for an hour into this type of charger, which provides between 1 to 1,8 kW of power, should add between 4 to 11 kilometers of range to the vehicle. For a capacity of 40kWh, the total recharge can reach 40 hours.
Level 2
Level 2 chargers are most common in commercial charging stations, and the best choice for residential installation. They can be connected to a single-phase 220 volt network, or three-phase 380 volts, and also be connected to solar panels. Due to the greater power and because they are stationary (fixed), they require a professional electrician for their installation.
With power that can reach 22kW, it has the capacity to charge a 40 kWh battery in up to 2 hours, adding up to 120 kilometers of range for each hour of charging.
O showmetech already developed a complete article about charging points in condominiums, which mostly use level 2 chargers. Be sure to check it out and stay on top of all the details.
Level 3
Here, a fundamental difference occurs: energy is transferred to the vehicle in direct current (DC), while in previous levels energy is transferred in alternating current (AC). In practice, when the vehicle is charged in AC, a transformer in the vehicle itself converts the energy to DC, which is the form in which it is stored in the batteries — a process that reduces the charging power.
In level 3 chargers, also called fast chargers, the charger itself converts energy from the AC network to supply DC current to the vehicle, allowing a 40 kWh battery to be charged in up to an amazing 15 minutes.
Level 3 chargers use a three-phase 380-volt electrical connection, with power that can reach 360 kW, offering the best possible charging. You supercharger from Tesla manage to reach even further, but, at least for now, they are only available abroad. However, it should be noted that not all vehicles support fast charging.
Autonomy: the challenge for long distances
As the market advances and more and more people buy electric cars, manufacturers are able to increase battery autonomy so that ever greater distances can be achieved on a single charge. To get an idea of this evolution: the Gurgel Itaipu E150, the first electric car to run in Brazil, had a range of 50 km. O BMW iX xDrive50, launched in Brazil in January 2022, has a range of 630 km.
Vehicle autonomy is very important — especially on long trips — due to an infrastructure deficiency: there are not enough charging stations, nor well distributed along the cities and roads. Therefore, when traveling with an electric car, it is important to take into account whether there are charging stations on the route, and where they are located — strategic stops to recharge the battery will be essential.
It's true that the trip can be cheaper, but it can also take longer as you have to wait about two hours per stop for the battery to reach full capacity. Other than that there may be people on site using the outlet to recharge their cars. The biggest word for those who want to buy an all-electric car to take long trips is: planning.
Autonomy measurement methods
Companies can use two ways to measure the range of an all-electric or hybrid car. The first one bears the name New European Driving Cycle (commonly called NEDC) and performs tests in closed laboratories to find out how far a model can go.
Despite not being so realistic — since it disregards everyday obstacles, such as traffic — NEDC is the most used by companies when it comes to disclosing the autonomy of their cars.
Already Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicle Test Procedure (WLTP) it does just the opposite: it places the car in traffic conditions so that range is measured in a more realistic way. Implemented in 2017, WLTP even uses laboratory data, but its main focus is testing in different situations. Possible usage experiences at different temperatures, in urban and rural locations and other shooting cycles are also considered.
Studies have already shown that the discrepancy between the two methods of measuring autonomy is 25%.
The legislation in Brazil
The Brazilian Government knows that the adoption of electric cars can be good for the planet Earth, but it can be said that the incentives for this to happen effectively are still low. The most apparent change is in the Senate Bill (PLS) 304, in process since 2017 and developed by Senator Ciro Nogueira (PP/PI).
He suggests that, as of 2030, vehicles that use only fossil fuels — such as gasoline and diesel — will no longer be sold in our country. However, models fueled with biofuels — such as ethanol and biodiesel — may still be sold in our country, prolonging the life of internal combustion engines.
The PL provides for the “policy for the replacement of cars powered by fossil fuels and provides for the ban on the sale and circulation of these cars.” Furthermore, it amends articles 339-A and 339-B of the Brazilian Traffic Code to:
Art. 339-A. As of January 1, 2030, the sale of new self-propelled cars using a combustion engine is prohibited throughout the national territory, except those fueled exclusively with biofuels, defined by item XXIV of art. 6 of Law No. 9.478, of August 6, 1997.
Art. 339-B. As of January 1, 2040, the circulation of cars referred to in art. 339-A.
Single paragraph. The following are excluded from the prohibition established in the caput:
I – collection cars, dealt with in art. 96, II, g;
II – the automobiles classified in the hypotheses of art. 96, III, a and b;
III – vehicles owned by foreign visitors, up to one hundred and eighty days after their entry into Brazil.
(...)
The change also sets a new definition for what would be considered an electric car: “vehicle equipped with an electric motor for traction of the wheels, which operates connected to an external source of electricity, or with accumulators that can be charged by an external source of electricity."
In fact, there is still no legislation that refers to electric cars in Brazil, and maybe this is one of the biggest reasons why we don't have so many units in our country. Of course, the high initial investment value is also a very relevant factor and companies would also need to invest directly in this market.
Tax exemptions encourage the use of electric cars
Governments in many Brazilian states and cities encourage residents to buy models like these to stop paying taxes at the beginning of the month. Until the closure of this article, those who have an electric car and live in the following states below do not need to pay IPVA:
- Federal District
- Ceará
- Maranhao
- Paraná
- Pernambuco
- Piaui
- Rio Grande do Norte
- Sergipe
Cities like São Paulo return part of the amount paid as IPVA as a discount on IPTU or even redemption of the amount in cash. Here, we do not have a discount, but it is possible to take part of the amount paid due to you being a “friend” of the environment of the city where you circulate with your electric car. Electrified vehicles (electric and hybrid) are exempt from the rotation.
The refunded amount for those who live in the city of São Paulo during the year 2023 (which takes the 2022 quotation into account) is R$3.292,00 and you need to be registered with the National Registry of Motor Vehicles (RENEW) with the code indicating the use of electricity or hydrogen gas, in whole or in part.
Rio de Janeiro also has an incentive for those who have electrified cars: 1,5% for hybrids and 0,5% for fully electric ones. And there is a 50% discount for those who live in Mato Grosso do Sul.
Bill should encourage the development of electric cars in Brazil
About the IPI reduction so that the consumer's final price, the 5308 / 2020 Bill focuses on zeroing the tax on 100% electric or hybrid cars. This PL was added to the 4086/2012 and had not yet been approved by the Chamber of Deputies at the time this article was closed. The text also reduces to zero the tax rates PIS/Pasep and Cofins incidents on imports and on the gross sales revenue of these vehicles in the domestic market.
O Bill No. 392, of 2023, developed by Senator Eliziane Gama (PSD/MA), talks about the popularization of charging stations on federal highways so that, on intercity/interstate trips, electric vehicle owners can recharge their cars in the same way they do in the center of cities.
She mentions that the Federal Government has an essential role for the popularization of models like this one and it is necessary to do more than simply reduce the Taxes over industrialized products. If leaders want to live in a cleaner country, there needs to be aggressive promotion and incentives for the population to buy into the idea (and electric cars).
Electric and hybrid cars sold in Brazil
The electrified vehicle market has been growing since 2016, when we started to see this type of vehicle on our streets and roads. We separate all that you can choose if you are thinking about an all-electric car, plug-in hybrid or just hybrid.
BYD
TAN EV
Announced as “the first fully electric 7-seater SUV launched in Brazil”, the TAN EV it was launched in 4 colors, but its investment price may be a little high for those who want to buy a model like this one: it costs from R$ 529 thousand. Its battery can be recharged from 30% to 80% in just 30 minutes using 110 kW direct current. The vehicle has an 8-year manufacturer's warranty.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 4,6 seconds;
- Combined power: 517 horsepower;
- Autonomy: 309 km;
- Number of electric motors: 2;
- Suggested price: from BRL 529 thousand.
HAN EV
Billed as a “bestseller” indoors, the HAN EV it is another 100% electric model also sold for over R$ 500, and its design draws attention wherever it goes. The battery can be recharged from 30% to 80% in just 34 minutes using 120 kW direct current, and it is a good option for those who live in large cities.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 3,9 seconds;
- Combined power: 517 horsepower;
- Autonomy: 349 km;
- Number of electric motors: 2;
- Suggested price: from BRL 539 thousand.
Song Plus DM-I
If you prefer a plug-in model, perhaps the Song Plus by BYD be ideal. It stands out for having ample interior space, premium sound system and other various details that promise to deliver a complete experience. Your Blade battery has an 8 year warranty. This model is sold in EV and HEV modes, so inquire at the time of purchase.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 8,5 seconds;
- Combined power: 179 horsepower;
- Autonomy: 29 km on battery only;
- Number of electric motors: 1;
- Suggested price: from BRL 269 thousand.
Yuan Plus EV
Closing the list of BYD models sold in Brazil, the Yuan Plus EV it is sold for the “simple” price of R$ 269 thousand. Completely electric, this car has sensors on the front, side and rear for optimal driving and greater safety on a daily basis. The battery can go from 30 to 80% in just 30 minutes with an 80kW DC charger.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 7,3 seconds;
- Combined power: 204 horsepower;
- Autonomy: 294 km;
- Number of electric motors: 2;
- Suggested price: from BRL 269 thousand.
Peugeot
e-208 GT
One of the best-known models in the electric car industry is the e-208 GT, electrified model of Peugeot 208. Sold in yellow, its battery, which has an 8-year warranty, can go from 0% to 80% in 30 minutes when connected to a direct current of 100 kW. Sensors to make driving even safer are included.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 8,3 seconds;
- Combined power: 136 horsepower;
- Autonomy: 362 km;
- Number of electric motors: 1;
- Suggested price: from BRL 237 thousand.
e-2008
Voted “Electric Car of the Year 2023” by Auto sport, e-2008 it is an all-electric model sold for less than R$300. With five color options, its battery also has an 8-year warranty, and the automaker claims that the e-2008 manages to recover 80% of its maximum charge in 30 minutes, using an ultra-fast 100 kW station.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 9,9 seconds;
- Combined power: 136 horsepower;
- Autonomy: 340 km;
- Number of electric motors: 1;
- Suggested price: from BRL 259 thousand.
e-Expert
Peugeot also sells a electric van option that can transport up to 1.500 kilos using only electric energy. It has a range of up to 330 km and comes in two colors: silver and black. Its battery, with an eight-year warranty, takes just 45 minutes to recharge when connected to a direct current of 100 kWh.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 9,9 seconds;
- Combined power: 136 horsepower;
- Autonomy: 330 km;
- Number of electric motors: 1;
- Suggested price: from BRL 329 thousand.
BMW
BMW iX (i20)
Aimed at those who can invest more in a completely electric model, the biggest highlight of the iX (i20) range of more than 600 km on a single charge. This is a car for you who want to take long trips with just one load and, of course, know that the value for this “comfort” will not be cheap. It has a 250kW fast charger that powers the battery from 10% to 80% in just 35 minutes using direct current.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 4,6 seconds;
- Combined power: 523 horsepower;
- Autonomy: up to 630 km;
- Number of electric motors: 1;
- Suggested price: from BRL 680 thousand.
BMW i3
The first electric vehicle launched by BMW is sold for more than R$ 300, but it will certainly make a total difference in your daily life. With 100% electric and hybrid options, the i3, released in 2017, in its electric version, it manages to recharge 100% of the battery in just 45 minutes when connected to a direct current of 100 kWh.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 7,3 seconds;
- Combined power: 170 horsepower;
- Autonomy: 260 km;
- Number of electric motors: 1;
- Suggested price: from BRL 339 thousand.
BMW i4
With three versions available in Brazil, the BMW i4 it is an electric vehicle in the medium sedan category, in which BMW has been a specialist for years with the 3 Series. Speaking about battery autonomy, the manufacturer points out that it has up to 590 km, in addition to being very spacious and having five doors. The company also reminds you that it has two engines to get as far as possible.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 6 seconds;
- Combined power: up to 544 horsepower;
- Autonomy: up to 590 km;
- Number of electric motors: 2;
- Suggested price: from BRL 419 thousand.
BMW iX3 M Sport
Inspired by the most famous BMW models, the iX3 M Sport reaches the Brazilian market delivering a lot of style and connectivity, since it also has Amazon Alexa integrated into its operating system. It also has a panoramic sunroof, rear bike rack and wear system that uses just 18,9 kWh/100 km.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 6,8 seconds;
- Maximum speed: 180 km / h;
- Combined power: 286 horsepower;
- Autonomy: up to 460 km;
- Number of electric motors: 1;
- Suggested price: from BRL 485 thousand.
BMW X3
BMW's X3 lineup has three variants and two of them are hybrids: the xDrive30e X Line and the xDrive30e M Sport. Both rely on Amazon Alexa to deliver a connected experience, as well as two charging modes. In this vehicle, the gasoline engine can also be used, during running-in, to recharge the battery.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 6,1 seconds;
- Combined power: up to 292 horsepower;
- Electric autonomy: up to 31 km;
- Number of electric motors: 2;
- Suggested price: from BRL 410 thousand.
BMW X5
O BMW X5 has two plug-in hybrid (PHEV) variants sold in Brazil — xDrive and M Sport. Both have an electric range of 87 km and driving modes that help save battery life, also offering a connected experience for those who want to go further, being able to take passengers to different places.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 3,8 seconds;
- Combined power: up to 394 horsepower;
- Electric autonomy: up to 87 km;
- Number of electric motors: 1;
- Suggested price: from BRL 689 thousand.
BMW 330e
The BMW 3 Series has four variants, but only one of them is electrified (plug-in hybrid). O BMW 330e it has two engines (combustion and electric) that can be used simultaneously, in addition, it can deliver 66 km of autonomy in electric-only mode, before the combustion engine is used.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 5,9 seconds;
- Combined power: up to 292 horsepower;
- Electric autonomy: up to 66 km;
- Number of electric motors: 1;
- Suggested price: from BRL 400 thousand.
BMW 530e
With three options, this sports sedan runs on gas and electricity. Of the plug-in hybrid type, the BMW 530e it has an electric autonomy of 46 km, which can also be used to connect other components of the car. Its battery can be recharged in 6 hours using a current of 220 V.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 5,9 seconds;
- Combined power: up to 184 horsepower;
- Electric autonomy: up to 46 km;
- Number of electric motors: 1;
- Suggested price: from BRL 455 thousand.
Renault
kwid e-tech
While you were reading this article, you probably thought about the Renault Kwid. As one of the most famous electric car models in all of Brazil, the Kwid e-Tech It is completely electric and can be recharged via an outlet. The manufacturer confirms that, with just one charge, it is possible to walk around the city. And it's worth remembering that it also has 3 charging modes.
- Time to go from 0 to 50 km: 4,1 seconds;
- Power: up to 65 horsepower;
- Electric autonomy: up to 185 km;
- Number of electric motors: 1;
- Suggested price: from BRL 149 thousand.
Zoe e-tech
Another electric car option available to Brazilians is the Zoe e-tech. It offers greater autonomy, but, on the other hand, it also costs more. The manufacturer confirms that, using a direct current of 50 kW, the battery will be recharged in less than 3 hours. This model is also quite sustainable, as its seats and panels are made from recyclable plastic.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 9,2 seconds;
- Power: up to 135 horsepower;
- Electric autonomy: up to 254 km;
- Number of electric motors: 1;
- Suggested price: from BRL 239 thousand.
Kangoo ZEMAXI
Closing Renault's options, this van is also 100% electric and can be a good option for your business. The manufacturer promises that, in a single load, the Kangoo ZE Maxi it can run for 270 km and its battery can be recharged in any outlet of up to 7 kW. There are options with 2 or 5 seats, as well as it manages to carry 650 kg in a single trip.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 22,4 seconds;
- Combined power: up to 60 horsepower;
- Electric autonomy: up to 270 km;
- Number of electric motors: 1;
- Suggested price: from BRL 209 thousand.
Toyota
Corolla Cross Hybrid
Toyota brings the electrified version of its SUV Corolla Cross Hybrid. It has a 4,1 kWh battery that can be used to power the electric motor to support the combustion engine. With a full engine and full battery, it reaches a range of up to 643 km in a single trip.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 8 seconds;
- Combined power: up to 199 horsepower;
- Autonomy: up to 643 km (when combined with fuel engine);
- Number of electric motors: 1;
- Suggested price: from BRL 201 thousand.
Corolla Altis Hybrid
With two hybrid versions sold in Brazil, the Corolla Altis Hybrid it also combines the power of the fuel engine and electric motor to deliver a sustainable experience. With a price below R$ 160, it is considered the cheapest hybrid vehicle in Brazil.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 9,2 seconds;
- Combined power: up to 170 horsepower;
- Electric autonomy: up to 30 km;
- Number of electric motors: 1;
- Suggested price: from BRL 148 thousand.
Volvo
XC40 Recharge
O XC40 enough to open our list of Volvo models. It is 100% electric, has 5 seats, an air purifier and also integrated Google, which guarantees a good and interesting connectivity experience. With the charger included, the manufacturer points out that this model goes from 10% to 80% in just 28 minutes.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 4,9 seconds;
- Combined power: up to 408 horsepower;
- Electric autonomy: up to 418 km;
- Number of electric motors: 1;
- Suggested price: from BRL 329 thousand.
XC60 Recharge
Aimed at anyone looking for a plug-in hybrid model, the X60 Recharge it also has integrated Google to deliver a connected experience. Available in four colors, it also has a battery that can be fully recharged in 5 hours. It is true that its battery is not aimed at those who want to go on long trips, but it should bring that interesting economy to those who used only combustion engines.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 4,8 seconds;
- Combined power: up to 462 horsepower;
- Electric autonomy: up to 78 km;
- Number of electric motors: 1;
- Suggested price: from BRL 399 thousand.
XC90 Recharge
Defined as a “Luxury Plug-in Hybrid SUV”, the XC90 Recharge It is an interesting option for those looking for a luxury SUV and making short trips during the day, as its electric autonomy with a charge reaches up to 71 km. Also with Google integrated, the model can have its battery recharged from 0% to 100% in just five hours.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 5,3 seconds;
- Combined power: up to 462 horsepower;
- Electric autonomy: up to 71 km;
- Number of electric motors: 1;
- Suggested price: from BRL 519 thousand.
Chaoa Chery
Tiggo 5x Pro Hybrid
A Chaoa Chery is one of the fastest growing brands in Brazil with the launch of electrified models and the Tiggo 5x Pro Hybrid open our list. It arrives to deliver a connected experience and 48-volt battery that can be recharged, either with regenerative braking or by the combustion engine. In this vehicle, the electric motor is not connected to the wheels or transmission, being an auxiliary to supply more power to the combustion engine, according to demand.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 9,9 seconds;
- Combined power: 160 HP at 5.500 rpm;
- Number of electric motors: 1;
- Suggested price: from BRL 159 thousand.
Tiggo 7 Pro Hybrid
Another Chery model is the Tiggo 7 Pro Hybrid. This SUV also has a 48V electrical system, helping the combustion engine not to lose power in more demanding conditions, such as hills and overtaking.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 9,1 seconds;
- Combined power: 160 HP at 5.500 rpm;
- Number of electric motors: 1;
- Suggested price: from BRL 194 thousand.
Tiggo 8 Pro Plug-in Hybrid
Anyone looking for a model that can run on gasoline or electricity can consider the Tiggo 8 Pro Plug-in Hybrid. This model, which can be charged using external chargers, has a combustion engine in conjunction with two electric motors that offer a combined power of 317hp.
In purely electric mode, the 19,27 kWh battery offers a range of up to 54 kilometers, and can be recharged en route through regeneration, recovering energy from braking and speed reductions.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 6,7 seconds;
- Combined power: up to 317 horsepower;
- Electric autonomy: up to 54 km;
- Number of electric motors: 2;
- Suggested price: from BRL 274 thousand.
Arrizo 6 Hybrid
O Arrizo 6 Hybrid it also has a 48V electric motor that can be used both to power internal components, as well as when climbing slopes or exiting traffic lights. Its combined power is interesting for those who need a spacious and economical car on a daily basis.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 9 seconds;
- Combined power: 160 HP at 5.500 rpm;
- Number of electric motors: 1;
- Suggested price: from BRL 152 thousand.
iCar
Closing the Caoa Cherry options, the manufacturer defined the iCar as “the little wonder of the world”, aimed at those looking for a completely electric model. The company points out that in addition to good autonomy, its battery will be recharged in just 36 minutes. However, due to its small size, the vehicle is intended for urban use for only two passengers.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 12 seconds;
- Combined power: up to 61 horsepower;
- Electric autonomy: up to 197 km;
- Number of electric motors: 1;
- Suggested price: from BRL 149 thousand.
JAC Motors
E-JS1
Defined as the “cheapest electric car in Brazil” by Jac Motors, o E-JS1 arrives as a good option for those looking for a model with zero pollutant emissions. With a power of 62 horsepower, its battery takes just 5 hours to be fully recharged using 380V fast chargers. And the E-JS1 is sold in six colors, catering to all tastes.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 10,7 seconds;
- Combined power: up to 62 horsepower;
- Electric autonomy: up to 302 km;
- Number of electric motors: 1;
- Suggested price: from BRL 145 thousand.
E-JS1 EXT
Another all-electric option from jac motors is E-JS1 EXT, which is also sold below R$ 200 thousand. With six color options, it offers zero emission of pollutants due to its battery-only operation. The manufacturer points out that it can be ready to go back on the road after 30 minutes in the socket.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 10,7 seconds;
- Combined power: up to 62 horsepower;
- Electric autonomy: up to 302 km;
- Number of electric motors: 1;
- Suggested price: from BRL 164 thousand.
E-JS4
Indicated for those who like to take long trips, this model is sold over R$ 240 thousand, and delivers a range of 420 km on a single battery charge. It is defined by jac motors as the “best cost-effective 100% electric SUV in Brazil”. O E-JS4 it is also sold in five colors to suit all tastes.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 7,5 seconds;
- Combined power: up to 150 horsepower;
- Electric autonomy: up to 420 km;
- Number of electric motors: 1;
- Suggested price: from BRL 242 thousand.
E-J7
Speaking of higher categories, the E-J7 is announced as the “1st 100% electric premium sedan in Brazil”. It has a 192 horsepower engine and can even be used for long distance trips, as its range exceeds 400 km. The design draws attention and this electric car is also economical: according to jac motors, the owner of the model will pay R$ 7,75 for every 100km.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 5,9 seconds;
- Combined power: up to 193 horsepower;
- Electric autonomy: up to 402 km;
- Number of electric motors: 1;
- Suggested price: from BRL 252 thousand.
iEV-330P
The first and so far the only 100% electric pickup sold in Brazil, the iEV-330P It can be used for a whole day, as its electric range exceeds 300 km. It also arrives to deliver power and can carry 4 people plus a driver. Its battery is recharged in 1h30 when connected to a 40 kW direct current source.
- Time to go from 0 to 50 km: 5,1 seconds (maximum speed of 97 km/h);
- Combined power: up to 204 horsepower;
- Electric autonomy: up to 330 km;
- Number of electric motors: 1;
- Suggested price: from BRL 369 thousand.
E-JV7L
Closing Jac Motors' options, E-JV7L it is an electric van designed for executive transport, with seven seats (one for the driver and six for passengers). Manufacturer data inform that it will be necessary to spend BRL 35 to recharge the battery of this model, based on the average cost of electricity in the state of São Paulo.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 20 seconds;
- Combined power: up to 204 horsepower;
- Electric autonomy: up to 300 km;
- Number of electric motors: 1;
- Suggested price: from BRL 329 thousand.
Chevrolet
Chevrolet Bolt EV
Chevrolet also has electric car models sold in Brazil, and one of them is the Bolt EV. Running on electricity only, this option comes with built-in Alexa and Spotify. With the included charger, it will be necessary to wait only 1 hour for an autonomy of 10 km to be delivered.
Already with a fast charger, the same charging time will deliver 40 km of autonomy. Super-Fast Charger options need only 30 minutes for 80% of battery capacity to be filled.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 7,3 seconds;
- Combined power: up to 203 horsepower;
- Electric autonomy: up to 416 km;
- Number of electric motors: 1;
- Suggested price: from BRL 359 thousand.
Chevrolet Bolt EUV
With a range of over 400 km, the Bolt EUV to deliver technology, autonomy and convenience, according to its manufacturer. One of the most interesting features, which is also present in the Bolt UV, is the easy real-time monitoring of the battery charge, so you know when to stop and put the model back to the socket. It also has Spotify and Alexa built in.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 7,7 seconds;
- Combined power: up to 203 horsepower;
- Electric autonomy: up to 456 km;
- Number of electric motors: 1;
- Suggested price: from BRL 279 thousand.
Audi
e-tron
Let's open the list of electric cars from Audi with the first SUV produced in series by the company. O e-tron it is a 100% electric model that combines elegance with the efficiency assistants Audi Virtual Cockpit Plus and Audi automatic recovery; this second assistant helps to save electricity so that the autonomy is as long as possible. Its battery takes 8 to 9 hours to be fully recharged.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 3,3 seconds;
- Combined power: up to 408 horsepower;
- Electric autonomy: up to 436 km;
- Number of electric motors: 1;
- Suggested price: from BRL 646 thousand.
e-tron Sportback
With a slightly greater autonomy than the traditional model, the e-tron Sportback it is hybrid and also has user assistants to improve the experience. In addition Audi points out on its website that it will only take 30 minutes for 80% of the battery to be recharged on a fast charger. The company also points out that there are more than 150 charging points throughout Brazil.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 5,7 seconds;
- Combined power: up to 408 horsepower;
- Electric autonomy: up to 252 km;
- Number of electric motors: 1;
- Suggested price: from BRL 646 thousand.
e-tron S Sportback
If you prefer a sportier look for your first electric car, perhaps the e-tron S Sportback be an interesting option. The model is sold for over R$ 700 and is 100% electric, in addition to having an internal system for better steering. It takes just 40 minutes for its battery to be filled to capacity via a 150 kW power source.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 4,5 seconds;
- Combined power: up to 503 horsepower;
- Electric autonomy: up to 380 km;
- Number of electric motors: 1;
- Suggested price: from BRL 820 thousand.
RS e-tron GT
Closing the options Audi, RS e-tron GT focuses on delivering aerodynamic performance. It is indicated for those who can and mainly want to invest in a luxury model, since it is sold for over R$ 1 million. With an 800-volt charging system, Audi confirms that through a direct current of 50 kWh, it will take just 70 minutes for the battery to be at full capacity.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 3,3 seconds;
- Combined power: up to 646 horsepower;
- Electric autonomy: up to 313 km;
- Number of electric motors: 1;
- Suggested price: from R$ 1,103 million.
MINI
MINI SE
You've certainly seen a model like this on the street, even if you didn't know its name. The MINI SE is the electric version of the Mini Cooper, a compact sports car belonging to the BMW brand. The manufacturer points out that if it is connected to a conventional socket, it takes 14 hours to reach 80% of the battery. If you use the 11 kW Wallbox fast charger, it will only take 02h10 for the same percentage to be reached.
There is another charger option, which has a power of 50 kW and allows 80% of the MINI SE's battery capacity to be reached in 29 minutes. And it is worth remembering that this model has only three doors.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 7,3 seconds;
- Combined power: up to 184 horsepower;
- Electric autonomy: up to 234 km;
- Number of electric motors: 1;
- Suggested price: from BRL 257 thousand.
MINI Countryman SE All4
MINI also has a plug-in hybrid option on the Countryman SUV, which features a combustion engine combined with an electric engine, generating a combined output of 224 hp. The 88 hp electric motor offers a range of 57 km, enough to run on short urban journeys. The vehicle has 4 doors and space for up to five people and, according to its manufacturer, its battery will be fully recharged in up to 4 hours.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 7,3 seconds;
- Combined power: up to 224 horsepower;
- Electric autonomy: up to 57 km;
- Number of electric motors: 1;
- Suggested price: from BRL 284 thousand.
Nissan
Nissan Leaf
Closing our list, we have the Nissan Leaf, 100% electric model. In addition to the engine powered only by electricity, it also has steering assistants for a safer and, of course, more economical trip. It was released in 4 colors and its battery takes from 7 to 11 hours to be recharged, depending on the current and battery capacity.
- Time to go from 0 to 100 km: 7,9 seconds;
- Combined power: up to 150 horsepower;
- Electric autonomy: up to 272 km;
- Number of electric motors: 1;
- Suggested price: from BRL 293 thousand.
Were you able to clear all the doubts you had about electric cars? Would you have a role model like this in your everyday life? Tell us us Comment!
See also other features
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With information: PCMag l energy sage l Consumer Reports l Biscuit engine | Quora
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